VSP-P1 User Manual - Revision history

Baran Dereli: /* Made changes according to a later '''Word''' version. */

2025-01-03T15:15:43Z

Made changes according to a later '''Word''' version.

Baran Dereli: Made changes according to a later '''Word''' version.

2025-01-03T14:41:59Z

Made changes according to a later '''Word''' version.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:41, 3 January 2025
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	== General ==		== General ==
	~~This is the comprehensive '''User Manual''' for the VSParticle Nanomaterial printer (VSP-P1).~~ This user manual provides instructions for the set-up, installation, operation and maintenance of the VSP-P1. The instructions are designed to ensure productive use of the equipment, and to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.		This user manual provides instructions for the set-up, installation, operation, and maintenance of the VSP-P1. The instructions are designed to ensure productive use of the equipment and to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. Even though care has been taken in the preparation and publication of the contents of this manual, we do not assume legal or other liability for any inaccuracy, mistake, misstatement or any other error of whatsoever nature contained herein. The material in this manual is for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. The manual will be updated to be in accordance with new releases on supported software or hardware. These new versions are available at docs.vsparticle.com . Please send suggestions, comments, and complaints regarding this user manual to support@VSPARTICLE.com with the subject line: “User manual VSP-P1”.
	Even though care has been taken in the preparation and
	publication of the contents of this manual, we do not
	assume legal or other liability for any inaccuracy, mistake,
	~~mis-statement~~ or any other error of whatsoever nature
	contained herein. The material in this manual is for
	information purposes only, and is subject to change
	without notice. ~~No rights can be derived from the contents of this document.~~ The manual will be updated to be in accordance with new releases on supported software or hardware. These new versions are available at ~~https://~~docs.~~VSPARTICLE~~.com. Please send suggestions, comments and complaints regarding this user manual to support@VSPARTICLE.com with subject line: “User manual VSP-P1”.

	{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"		{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"
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	=== Symbols used ===		=== Symbols used ===
	The following notifications are used in this document:		The following notifications are used in this document:


	{{Notification\|\|Blue notification blocks in the text highlight points of attention regarding the documentation.}}		{{Notification\|\|Blue notification blocks in the text highlight points of attention regarding the documentation.}}

Romme Koldenhof: /* Main components */

2023-09-06T13:36:52Z

Main components

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:36, 6 September 2023
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	The print chamber contains a vacuum feedthrough that powers and communicates with the devices within the chamber. Operators aiming to utilize custom equipment inside the chamber using this feedthrough should contact VSPARTICLE to explore the possibilities.		The print chamber contains a vacuum feedthrough that powers and communicates with the devices within the chamber. Operators aiming to utilize custom equipment inside the chamber using this feedthrough should contact VSPARTICLE to explore the possibilities.

	===== Print chamber door=====		====== Print chamber door======
	The door of the print chamber is locked using three rotatable clamps. The clamps operate using a push & twist mechanism. After positioning them correctly, a user will have to push them and then rotate the handle to lock the door. All three handles need to be properly closed before the door will seal properly. If the print chamber does not appear to be leak tight, check if the door is level to the sealing surface and closed properly. The door interlock sensor is located opposite of the door hinge, and should not be obstructed.		The door of the print chamber is locked using three rotatable clamps. The clamps operate using a push & twist mechanism. After positioning them correctly, a user will have to push them and then rotate the handle to lock the door. All three handles need to be properly closed before the door will seal properly. If the print chamber does not appear to be leak tight, check if the door is level to the sealing surface and closed properly. The door interlock sensor is located opposite of the door hinge, and should not be obstructed.

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	\|}		\|}

	===== Print head=====		====== Print head======
	The print head is the deposition side of the gas infrastructure. It consists of a flange mounted assembly that ends in a print nozzle, mounted on a bracket. This bracket provides support and centers to the nozzle.		The print head is the deposition side of the gas infrastructure. It consists of a flange mounted assembly that ends in a print nozzle, mounted on a bracket. This bracket provides support and centers to the nozzle.

	In order to switch from depositing one material to some other material, a general cleaning process is advised on the entire printhead assembly, both the bracket and mounted parts as well as the nozzle and the entire flange based gas infrastructure. The easiest way to clean the printhead is by performing a gas cleaning procedure. If this is not sufficient, the gas infrastructure assembly inside the print chamber can be removed using the flange. Detailed instructions are available in the manual [[VSP-P1 User Manual#System care and maintenance\|chapter 7 System care and maintenance]].		In order to switch from depositing one material to some other material, a general cleaning process is advised on the entire printhead assembly, both the bracket and mounted parts as well as the nozzle and the entire flange based gas infrastructure. The easiest way to clean the printhead is by performing a gas cleaning procedure. If this is not sufficient, the gas infrastructure assembly inside the print chamber can be removed using the flange. Detailed instructions are available in the manual [[VSP-P1 User Manual#System care and maintenance\|chapter 7 System care and maintenance]].

	===== LED array =====		====== LED array ======

	The print chamber contains an array of LED lighting, illumination the inside of the chamber. This chamber lighting can be turned off in the user interface if needed.		The print chamber contains an array of LED lighting, illumination the inside of the chamber. This chamber lighting can be turned off in the user interface if needed.

	===== Nozzle =====		====== Nozzle ======
	The nozzle is removable without having to take out the entire print head, allowing operators to switch nozzle types.		The nozzle is removable without having to take out the entire print head, allowing operators to switch nozzle types.
	{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"		{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"
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	[[Image:VSP-P1 Nozzle 054.jpg\|200px]]		[[Image:VSP-P1 Nozzle 054.jpg\|200px]]

	===== Camera =====		====== Camera ======

	The VSP-P1 is equipped with 2 camera’s. One overview camera for quality control of the printed substrates (optical zoom 2x) and one precision camera for alignment of the substrate and print pattern (optical zoom 10x). These cameras are mounted on the same bracket as the print nozzle. They are, however, not in line with the print nozzle. In order to move from the camera spot to the actual print spot, the operator would need to command the stage to travel there. For the exact translation between camera and nozzle, see the chapter [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Alingment of the nozzle\| alingment of the nozzle]].		The VSP-P1 is equipped with 2 camera’s. One overview camera for quality control of the printed substrates (optical zoom 2x) and one precision camera for alignment of the substrate and print pattern (optical zoom 10x). These cameras are mounted on the same bracket as the print nozzle. They are, however, not in line with the print nozzle. In order to move from the camera spot to the actual print spot, the operator would need to command the stage to travel there. For the exact translation between camera and nozzle, see the chapter [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Alingment of the nozzle\| alingment of the nozzle]].
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	[[Image:VSP-P1 Substrate Reach.png]]		[[Image:VSP-P1 Substrate Reach.png]]

	===== Substrate holder =====		====== Substrate holder ======
	{{Warning\|\|Substrate holders are precision devices. Handle with care and do not drop, bend, adjust or damage in any way to ensure consistent production.}}		{{Warning\|\|Substrate holders are precision devices. Handle with care and do not drop, bend, adjust or damage in any way to ensure consistent production.}}
	Substrates can be mounted outside of the VSP-P1 (in a fume hood) onto the substrate holder. Substrate holders are placed on the substrate holder baseplate. Substrate holders can be adapted for specific products, and are individually calibrated. Do not adjust calibration screws and or settings.		Substrates can be mounted outside of the VSP-P1 (in a fume hood) onto the substrate holder. Substrate holders are placed on the substrate holder baseplate. Substrate holders can be adapted for specific products, and are individually calibrated. Do not adjust calibration screws and or settings.
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	Substrates can be fixated on the substrate holder using the clamps or, when the clamps are not suitable, a suitable adhesive can be used. The substates should be properly fixated on the holder, since the strong aerosol jet from the nozzle might otherwise blow them away. Also it is advised to make sure they are flat, to maintain a constant print height over the substrate.		Substrates can be fixated on the substrate holder using the clamps or, when the clamps are not suitable, a suitable adhesive can be used. The substates should be properly fixated on the holder, since the strong aerosol jet from the nozzle might otherwise blow them away. Also it is advised to make sure they are flat, to maintain a constant print height over the substrate.

	===== Print stage =====		====== Print stage ======
	{{Warning\|\|Mishandling the substrate stage can cause misalignment or damage, resulting in rejected product.}}		{{Warning\|\|Mishandling the substrate stage can cause misalignment or damage, resulting in rejected product.}}

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	==== Top light ====		==== Top light ====
	On the top of the VSP-P1, around the flange on top of the vacuum chamber, is a circular light that indicates if the VSP-P1 is on.		On the top of the VSP-P1, around the flange on top of the vacuum chamber, is a circular light that indicates if the VSP-P1 is on.

	== Installation ==		== Installation ==
	=== Enviromental requirements ===		=== Enviromental requirements ===

Romme Koldenhof: /* Alingment of the nozzle */

2023-09-06T13:35:18Z

Alingment of the nozzle

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:35, 6 September 2023
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	For a higher accuracy (~10um), one can use the vacuum pressure, since this will abruptly drop when the nozzle is closed off:		For a higher accuracy (~10um), one can use the vacuum pressure, since this will abruptly drop when the nozzle is closed off:
	* Wait until the vacuum pressure has stabilized to the expected deposition pressure of the current nozzle (see 3.3.2.4 & [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Printing\|6.8]])		* Wait until the vacuum pressure has stabilized to the expected deposition pressure of the current nozzle (see [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Nozzle\|3.3.2.4]] & [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Printing\|6.8]])
	* Approach the nozzle with a substrate of known height (the target substrate or a reference substrate), while monitoring the vacuum pressure		* Approach the nozzle with a substrate of known height (the target substrate or a reference substrate), while monitoring the vacuum pressure
	* When visually there is no space left between them, but when the vacuum pressure is still unchanged, keep decreasing the distance slowly (~1s per step) and with mall steps (~10um) until a drop in the vacuum pressure is visible		* When visually there is no space left between them, but when the vacuum pressure is still unchanged, keep decreasing the distance slowly (~1s per step) and with mall steps (~10um) until a drop in the vacuum pressure is visible

Romme Koldenhof: /* Alingment of the nozzle */

2023-09-06T13:33:47Z

Alingment of the nozzle

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 6 September 2023
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	For a higher accuracy (~10um), one can use the vacuum pressure, since this will abruptly drop when the nozzle is closed off:		For a higher accuracy (~10um), one can use the vacuum pressure, since this will abruptly drop when the nozzle is closed off:
	* Wait until the vacuum pressure has stabilized to the expected deposition pressure of the current nozzle (see 3.3.2.4 & 6.8)		* Wait until the vacuum pressure has stabilized to the expected deposition pressure of the current nozzle (see 3.3.2.4 & [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Printing\|6.8]])
	* Approach the nozzle with a substrate of known height (the target substrate or a reference substrate), while monitoring the vacuum pressure		* Approach the nozzle with a substrate of known height (the target substrate or a reference substrate), while monitoring the vacuum pressure
	* When visually there is no space left between them, but when the vacuum pressure is still unchanged, keep decreasing the distance slowly (~1s per step) and with mall steps (~10um) until a drop in the vacuum pressure is visible		* When visually there is no space left between them, but when the vacuum pressure is still unchanged, keep decreasing the distance slowly (~1s per step) and with mall steps (~10um) until a drop in the vacuum pressure is visible

Romme Koldenhof: /* Alingment of the nozzle */

2023-09-06T13:31:25Z

Alingment of the nozzle

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:31, 6 September 2023
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	Calibrating the camera offset can be done during the warm-up period of the G1, briefly by printing a test dot and finding it with the camera to determine the offset:		Calibrating the camera offset can be done during the warm-up period of the G1, briefly by printing a test dot and finding it with the camera to determine the offset:
	* Move the nozzle above a test substrate		* Move the nozzle above a test substrate
	* Approach the nozzle with the substrate until the distance is 0 (see [[VSP-P1 User Manual#VSP-G1 warm up\| G1 warm up)		* Approach the nozzle with the substrate until the distance is 0 (see [[VSP-P1 User Manual#VSP-G1 warm up\| G1 warm up]])
	* Run the XYZ offset calibration script (below) that will execute the following:		* Run the XYZ offset calibration script (below) that will execute the following:
	o Sets current print height to 0		o Sets current print height to 0

Romme Koldenhof: /* Cleaning the substrate holder */

2023-09-06T12:42:08Z

Cleaning the substrate holder

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 6 September 2023
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	{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"		{\|class="table table-striped table-bordered"
	! !!\		! !!
	\|-		\|-

Romme Koldenhof: /* Install electrodes in G1 (system assembly) */

2023-09-06T12:39:00Z

Install electrodes in G1 (system assembly)

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 6 September 2023
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	It is also possible in this state to already place a nozzle and substrates in the print chamber. However, since the system will remain leak tight while doing this, in this manual these steps will be described after performing the leak test, in the ‘prepare printing’ state (6.6).		It is also possible in this state to already place a nozzle and substrates in the print chamber. However, since the system will remain leak tight while doing this, in this manual these steps will be described after performing the leak test, in the ‘prepare printing’ state (6.6).

	Installation of the VSP-G1 onto the VSP-P1 is described in chapter 4.4 of this manual.		Installation of the VSP-G1 onto the VSP-P1 is described in chapter [[VSP-P1 User Manual#VSP-G1\|4.4]] of this manual.
	Installation of the electrodes into the VSP-G1 reactor is described in the [[VSP-G1 Operating and maintenance guide#Reactor_assembly\|Reactor assembly chapter of the G1 operating and maintenance guide]].		Installation of the electrodes into the VSP-G1 reactor is described in the [[VSP-G1 Operating and maintenance guide#Reactor_assembly\|Reactor assembly chapter of the G1 operating and maintenance guide]].
	Installation of the VSP-G1 reactor on its base is described in the chapter [[VSP-G1 User Manual#Reactor_assembly\|Mounting the reactor assembly]] in the G1 manual.		Installation of the VSP-G1 reactor on its base is described in the chapter [[VSP-G1 User Manual#Reactor_assembly\|Mounting the reactor assembly]] in the G1 manual.
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	{{Warning\|\|Nitrile gloves or similar are mandatory when working with nanomaterials and nanomaterial equipment to avoid contact exposure.}}		{{Warning\|\|Nitrile gloves or similar are mandatory when working with nanomaterials and nanomaterial equipment to avoid contact exposure.}}

	Make sure each time after placing, replacing, or cleaning the electrodes the G1 is properly reconnected to the P1 according to the above installation chapters.		Make sure each time after placing, replacing, or cleaning the electrodes the G1 is properly reconnected to the P1 according to the above installation chapters.

	=== Leak test ===		=== Leak test ===

Romme Koldenhof: /* Menu bar */

2023-09-06T12:36:10Z

Menu bar

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:36, 6 September 2023
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	\|}		\|}

	In <u>Settings </u> you can find the Time & Date, Network, Hotspot, and Licenses. In the Time & Date section the user can select the date and local time, and time zone. After setting the correct date, time, and time zone click on the save button. The device will take 30 seconds to fully reload the system to save the correct settings. In chapter [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Connecting the VSP-P1 to a network\|4.6 Connecting the VSP-P1 to a network]] you can find more information about how the Network, and Hotspot options. The licenses section will show a list of third-party libraries and packages the functionality of the system uses.		In <u>Settings </u> you can find the Time & Date, Network, Hotspot, and Licenses. In the Time & Date section the user can select the date and local time, and time zone. After setting the correct date, time, and time zone click on the save button. The device will take 30 seconds to fully reload the system to save the correct settings. In chapter [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Connecting the VSP-P1 to a network\|4.6 Connecting the VSP-P1 to a network]] you can find more information about how to connect to the Network, and Hotspot options. The licenses section will show a list of third-party libraries and packages the functionality of the system uses.

	The <u>CML patterning tool </u> is a help tool to write patterning scripts. A python input (top left) is converted into CML code (bottom left) and visualized (top right). In the documentation (bottom right) can be found want syntax can be used for the python input.		The <u>CML patterning tool </u> is a help tool to write patterning scripts. A python input (top left) is converted into CML code (bottom left) and visualized (top right). In the documentation (bottom right) can be found want syntax can be used for the python input.

Romme Koldenhof: /* Vacuum pump */

2023-09-06T12:33:26Z

Vacuum pump

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:33, 6 September 2023
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	===== Vacuum pump =====		===== Vacuum pump =====
	The VSP-P1 uses a Leybold Ecodry 65 oil free vacuum pump to create the necessary low vacuum for deposition. In order to ensure the vacuum pump remains operational, adhere to the maintenance schedule in 7.2 Maintenance schedule and check if the HEPA filter keeping particles from entering the pump is close to clogging, and if so, replace it. Furthermore, ensure the print chamber does not get contaminated with fluids that could get sucked into the pump, as this is a dry pump.		The VSP-P1 uses a Leybold Ecodry 65 oil free vacuum pump to create the necessary low vacuum for deposition. In order to ensure the vacuum pump remains operational, adhere to the maintenance schedule in [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Maintenance schedule\|7.2 Maintenance schedule]] and check if the HEPA filter keeping particles from entering the pump is close to clogging, and if so, replace it. Furthermore, ensure the print chamber does not get contaminated with fluids that could get sucked into the pump, as this is a dry pump.
	The pump is controlled through the GUI of the VSP-P1, where it is turned on when going into the ‘printing’ state. The vacuum pump will need about 3 minutes to generate the low vacuum conditions suitable for deposition. This will be regulated automatically. The pump needs to remain on during deposition, but if an operator is planning to initiate procedures in which the deposition process finishes well before the operator can remove the samples from the VSP-P1, it is advised to turn the pump off once the deposition process finishes.		The pump is controlled through the GUI of the VSP-P1, where it is turned on when going into the ‘printing’ state. The vacuum pump will need about 3 minutes to generate the low vacuum conditions suitable for deposition. This will be regulated automatically. The pump needs to remain on during deposition, but if an operator is planning to initiate procedures in which the deposition process finishes well before the operator can remove the samples from the VSP-P1, it is advised to turn the pump off once the deposition process finishes.

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	■ toxic gases belonging to GHS category II and IV		■ toxic gases belonging to GHS category II and IV
	When pumping toxic gases replace the gas ballast switch with a plug screw or connect a gas supply to the gas ballast		When pumping toxic gases replace the gas ballast switch with a plug screw or connect a gas supply to the gas ballast


	==== Control panel ====		==== Control panel ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:15, 3 January 2025
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	== System and operator safety ==		== System and operator safety ==
	The risks associated with aerosol based nanotechnology can be divided into two categories: those associated with the machinery itself, and those associated with nanoparticles. Machine-related risks are widely regulated by international norms, such as the European conformity system required for marking certain products with the CE symbol. However, synthesized nanomaterials are relatively new and their quantum effects are still being studied, thus there are ~~less~~ standardized measures in place. Until more is known about nanoparticles, we apply the Precautionary Principle, treating them as ~~potential~~ highly toxic materials. The safety measures we employ for working with, storing and transporting nanoparticles have been drawn primarily from those designed for fine and ultrafine particles.		The risks associated with aerosol-based nanotechnology can be divided into two categories: those associated with the machinery itself, and those associated with nanoparticles. Machine-related risks are widely regulated by international norms, such as the European conformity system required for marking certain products with the CE symbol. However, synthesized nanomaterials are relatively new and their quantum effects are still being studied, thus there are fewer standardized measures in place. Until more is known about nanoparticles, we apply the Precautionary Principle, treating them as potentially highly toxic materials. The safety measures we employ for working with, storing and transporting nanoparticles have been drawn primarily from those designed for fine and ultrafine particles.
	=== Safety of machinery ===		=== Safety of machinery ===
	The VSP-P1 Nanomaterial printer comprises general electronics (<50 V), a mains guide (<250 V), gas connections and moving parts. Several safety mechanisms mitigate the risk ~~for~~ damages and incidents related to potential equipment failure, but primary responsibility for correct and safe operation lies with the operator of the system. The VSP-P1 is intended for use by qualified personnel, which means people who received training from either VSPARTICLE or from someone trained by VSPARTICLE.		The VSP-P1 Nanomaterial printer comprises general electronics (<50 V), a mains guide (<250 V), gas connections and moving parts. Several safety mechanisms mitigate the risk of damages and incidents related to potential equipment failure, but the primary responsibility for correct and safe operation lies with the operator of the system. The VSP-P1 is intended for use by qualified personnel, which means people who received training from either VSPARTICLE or from someone trained by VSPARTICLE.
	==== Operator safety actions ====		==== Operator safety actions ====
	Operators are required to ensure that:		Operators are required to ensure that:
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	* The pressure in the system is limited to 1.2 bar max. Operators should not override the automatic safety features designed to keep the system from reaching above 1.2 bar.		* The pressure in the system is limited to 1.2 bar max. Operators should not override the automatic safety features designed to keep the system from reaching above 1.2 bar.
	* All, if any, external safety systems are functional (where applicable).		* All, if any, external safety systems are functional (where applicable).
	* Personal protective equipment ~~are~~ being used correctly (gloves, glasses, and FFP3/P3 certified filter mask).		* Personal protective equipment is being used correctly (gloves, glasses, and FFP3/P3 certified filter mask).
	* Surfaces exposed to nanoparticles are not touched without proper safety precautions.		* Surfaces exposed to nanoparticles are not touched without proper safety precautions.
	* The operator is trained to operate the VSP-P1 & VSP-G1 devices (further details on operating the VSP-G1 are located in the [[VSP-G1_User_Manual\|VSP-G1 Manual]]).		* The operator is trained to operate the VSP-P1 & VSP-G1 devices (further details on operating the VSP-G1 are located in the [[VSP-G1_User_Manual\|VSP-G1 Manual]]).
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	* The electronic cabinet of the VSP-P1 is properly closed (using the hex bolts provided) to prevent exposure to electrical equipment.		* The electronic cabinet of the VSP-P1 is properly closed (using the hex bolts provided) to prevent exposure to electrical equipment.
	* The side and back panels of the VSP-P1 are not removed during operation.		* The side and back panels of the VSP-P1 are not removed during operation.
	* A leak test (see [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Leak test\|Chapter 6.5 Leak test]]) is always performed before starting the spark		* A leak test (see [[VSP-P1 User Manual#Leak test\|Chapter 6.5 Leak test]]) is always performed before starting the spark.
	* The print chamber is always flushed before opening the chamber.		* The print chamber is always flushed before opening the chamber.
	* The VSP-P1 is not disconnected from any of the gas in or outlets during a print procedure.		* The VSP-P1 is not disconnected from any of the gas in or outlets during a print procedure.


	==== Stop button ====		==== Stop button ====
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	{{Warning\|\|Intentional misuse of the VSP-P1 in a manner not specified by VSPARTICLE may impair the existing protective features.}}		{{Warning\|\|Intentional misuse of the VSP-P1 in a manner not specified by VSPARTICLE may impair the existing protective features.}}

	The VSP-P1 has several protective systems in order to automatically mitigate operating risks. These measures do not relieve the operator from their responsibility to monitor the device, but act as an additional layer of defense against hazards.		The VSP-P1 has several protective systems in order to automatically mitigate operating risks. These measures do not relieve the operator from their responsibility to monitor the device but act as an additional layer of defense against hazards.

	The VSP-P1 is equipped with an interlock system that, when the print chamber door is open, cuts power to print stage and to the flow controllers, halting mechanical movement in the print chamber and cutting off nanoparticle transportation.		The VSP-P1 is equipped with an interlock system that, when the print chamber door is open, cuts power to the print stage and to the flow controllers, halting mechanical movement in the print chamber and cutting off nanoparticle transportation.

	The VSP-G1 is also equipped with an interlock system. When a failure is detected, the interlock system cuts power to the high voltage supply and the motor, shutting down particle production. There are two types of interlock in the VSP-G1.		The VSP-G1 is also equipped with an interlock system. When a failure is detected, the interlock system cuts power to the high-voltage supply and the motor, shutting down particle production. There are two types of interlock in the VSP-G1.


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	'''2. VSP-G1 reactor interlock'''		'''2. VSP-G1 reactor interlock'''
	The VSP-G1 detects whether the reactor endcaps are properly mounted, using two mounting pins (see image). You must ensure that the reactor itself is correctly assembled. In short, this means that the reactor is leak tight (see [[VSP-G1 Operating and maintenance guide\|the G1 operating and maintenance guide]]) and that the gas inlet valve and electrode tips are free to move with a minimum clearance of 10 mm from any foreign objects (see [[VSP-G1_User_Manual#Process connections\|the G1 section on process connections]] and [[VSP-G1_User_Manual#Flow configurations\|the G1 section on flow configurations]]).		The VSP-G1 detects whether the reactor endcaps are properly mounted, using two mounting pins (see image). You must ensure that the reactor itself is correctly assembled. In short, this means that the reactor is leak-tight (see [[VSP-G1 Operating and maintenance guide\|the G1 operating and maintenance guide]]) and that the gas inlet valve and electrode tips are free to move with a minimum clearance of 10 mm from any foreign objects (see [[VSP-G1_User_Manual#Process connections\|the G1 section on process connections]] and [[VSP-G1_User_Manual#Flow configurations\|the G1 section on flow configurations]]).
	{{Warning\|\|Gas connections and other user-provided functions are not controlled by the interlock.}}		{{Warning\|\|Gas connections and other user-provided functions are not controlled by the interlock.}}

	==== Other residual risks ====		==== Other residual risks ====
	===== Operating sequence =====		===== Operating sequence =====
	{{Warning\|\|Custom operating sequences may result in damage to equipment and ~~facility~~ or injury to personnel.}}		{{Warning\|\|Custom operating sequences may result in damage to equipment and facilities or injury to personnel.}}

	In addition to automatic production sequences, the VSP-P1 system allows certain custom actions to be executed. While protections are in place to cover most known failure modes, it is impossible to cover all possible combinations of commands. The operator is responsible for evaluating the impact of custom commands on safe operation of the device. The same applies to any user confirmation of manual actions (such as cleaning, opening doors, etc.), these should not be ‘clicked away’ out of routine.		In addition to automatic production sequences, the VSP-P1 system allows certain custom actions to be executed. While protections are in place to cover most known failure modes, it is impossible to cover all possible combinations of commands. The operator is responsible for evaluating the impact of custom commands on the safe operation of the device. The same applies to any user confirmation of manual actions (such as cleaning, opening doors, etc.), these should not be ‘clicked away’ out of routine.

	===== Pressure =====		===== Pressure =====
	{{Warning\|\|Parts of the system may be at overpressure during or after use. Accidentally opening those parts can lead to direct exposure to (potentially) harmful process medium.}}		{{Warning\|\|Parts of the system may be at overpressure during or after use. Accidentally opening those parts can lead to direct exposure to (potentially) harmful process medium.}}
	Pressure within the closed system poses a serious risk when improperly handled. Increased pressure can be caused by unintentional release of gas at high pressure, the closing of output valves while an input valve is open, clogged filters, spark obstruction, or a full deposition system. The system is protected against regular overpressure events, however the operator must still be careful not to disconnect tubing while the system is at overpressure.		Pressure within the closed system poses a serious risk when improperly handled. Increased pressure can be caused by an unintentional release of gas at high pressure, the closing of output valves while an input valve is open, clogged filters, spark obstruction, or a full deposition system. The system is protected against regular overpressure events, however, the operator must still be careful not to disconnect tubing while the system is at overpressure.

	===== Pyrophoric materials =====		===== Pyrophoric materials =====
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	===== Maintenance =====		===== Maintenance =====
	{{Warning\|\|Performing custom maintenance of the VSP-P1 system can cause potentially harmful situations, and may result in damage to equipment and facility or injury to personnel.}}		{{Warning\|\|Performing custom maintenance of the VSP-P1 system can cause potentially harmful situations, and may result in damage to equipment and facility or injury to personnel.}}
	The VSP-P1 system should be regularly cleaned and maintained in order to preserve functionality and maintain consistency. Due to the different materials and material combinations that can be used in the spark generators, the cleaning procedures used might differ from regular cleaning standards. The operator is responsible for ~~evaluating~~ the impact of custom maintenance on safe operation of the device.		The VSP-P1 system should be regularly cleaned and maintained in order to preserve functionality and maintain consistency. Due to the different materials and material combinations that can be used in the spark generators, the cleaning procedures used might differ from regular cleaning standards. The operator is responsible for assessing the impact of custom maintenance on the safe operation of the device.

	Nanoparticles will collect on the surfaces inside the VSP-G1 reactor, downstream piping and on all surfaces in the print chamber. Cleaning of these surfaces presents the		Nanoparticles will collect on the surfaces inside the VSP-G1 reactor, downstream piping and on all surfaces in the print chamber. Cleaning of these surfaces presents the largest exposure risk to operators unless they can be performed in a safe environment (e.g. a fume hood). Sealing used filters for disposal/recycling is largely dependent on the particular filtration system and local regulations.
	largest exposure risk to operators, unless they can be performed in a safe environment (e.g. a ~~fumehood~~). Sealing used filters for disposal/recycling is largely dependent on the particular filtration system and local ~~regulation~~.

	===== Relocating the VSP-P1 =====		===== Relocating the VSP-P1 =====